Plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile confirms compliance to a novel saturated fat-reduced, monounsaturated fat-enriched dairy product intervention in adults at moderate cardiovascular risk: a randomized controlled trial

Markey, O., Vasilopoulou, D., Kliem, K. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0058-8225, Koulman, A., Fagan, C. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-8694, Summerhill, K., Wang, L. Y., Grandison, A. S., Humphries, D. J., Todd, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9981-923X, Jackson, K. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-3203, Givens, D. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6754-6935 and Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 (2017) Plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile confirms compliance to a novel saturated fat-reduced, monounsaturated fat-enriched dairy product intervention in adults at moderate cardiovascular risk: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrition journal, 16 (1). 33. ISSN 1475-2891 doi: 10.1186/s12937-017-0249-2

Abstract/Summary

Dairy products are a major contributor to dietary SFA. Partial replacement of milk SFA with unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) is possible through oleic-acid rich supplementation of the dairy cow diet. To assess adherence to the intervention of SFA-reduced, MUFA-enriched dairy product consumption in the RESET (REplacement of SaturatEd fat in dairy on Total cholesterol) study using 4-d weighed dietary records, in addition to plasma phospholipid FA (PL-FA) status. In a randomised, controlled, crossover design, free-living UK participants identified as moderate risk for CVD (n = 54) were required to replace habitually consumed dairy foods (milk, cheese and butter), with study products with a FA profile typical of retail products (control) or SFA-reduced, MUFA-enriched profile (modified), for two 12-week periods, separated by an 8-week washout period. A flexible food-exchange model was used to implement each isoenergetic high-fat, high-dairy diet (38% of total energy intake (%TE) total fat): control (dietary target: 19%TE SFA; 11%TE MUFA) and modified (16%TE SFA; 14%TE MUFA). Following the modified diet, there was a smaller increase in SFA (17.2%TE vs. 19.1%TE; p < 0.001) and greater increase in MUFA intake (15.4%TE vs. 11.8%TE; p < 0.0001) when compared with the control. PL-FA analysis revealed lower total SFAs (p = 0.006), higher total cis-MUFAs and trans-MUFAs (both p < 0.0001) following the modified diet. The food-exchange model was successfully used to achieve RESET dietary targets by partial replacement of SFAs with MUFAs in dairy products, a finding reflected in the PL-FA profile and indicative of objective dietary compliance. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02089035 , date 05-01-2014.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/70644
Identification Number/DOI	10.1186/s12937-017-0249-2
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR) Life Sciences > School of Agriculture, Policy and Development > Department of Animal Sciences > Animal, Dairy and Food Chain Sciences (ADFCS)- DO NOT USE Science > School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences > Department of Mathematics and Statistics Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
Uncontrolled Keywords	Cardiovascular disease, Dairy products, Dietary fat composition, Fatty acids, Food-exchange model, Monounsaturated fatty acids, Nutrition assessment, Phospholipids, Saturated fatty acids
Publisher	BioMed Central
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