Can milk proteins be a useful tool in the management of cardiometabolic health? An updated review of human intervention trials

Fekete, Á. A., Givens, D. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6754-6935 and Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 (2016) Can milk proteins be a useful tool in the management of cardiometabolic health? An updated review of human intervention trials. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 75 (3). pp. 328-341. ISSN 1475-2719 doi: 10.1017/S0029665116000264

Abstract/Summary

The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases is a significant public health burden worldwide. Emerging evidence supports the inverse association between greater dairy consumption and reduced risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Dairy proteins may have in important role in the favourable impact of dairy on human health such as blood pressure (BP) control, blood lipid and glucose control. The purpose of this review is to update and critically evaluate the evidence on the impacts of casein and whey protein in relation to metabolic function. Evidence from acute clinical studies assessing postprandial responses to milk protein ingestion suggests benefits on vascular function independent of BP, as well as improvement in glycaemic homeostasis. Chronic interventions have been less conclusive, with some showing benefits and others indicating a lack of improvement in vascular function. During chronic consumption BP appears to be lowered and both dyslipidaemia and hyperglacaemia seems to be controlled. Limited number of trials investigated the effects of dairy proteins on oxidative stress and inflammation. The beneficial changes in cardiometabolic homeostasis are likely mediated through improvements in insulin resistance, however to gain more detailed understanding on the underlying mechanism of milk proteins warrants further research. The incorporation of meals enriched with dairy protein in the habitual diet may result in the beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health. Nevertheless, future well-designed, controlled studies are needed to investigate the relative effects of both casein and whey protein on BP, vascular function, glucose homeostasis and inflammation.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/64831
Identification Number/DOI	10.1017/S0029665116000264
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Food Microbial Sciences Research Group
Uncontrolled Keywords	dairy protein, metabolic health, blood pressure, vascular function
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
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