Inulin and freeze-dried blueberry intervention lead to changes in the microbiota and metabolites within in vitro studies and in cognitive function within a small pilot trial on healthy children

Horasan Sagbasan, B., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Bell, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0677-021X, Barfoot, K. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2866-6467, Poveda, C. and Walton, G. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-5635 (2024) Inulin and freeze-dried blueberry intervention lead to changes in the microbiota and metabolites within in vitro studies and in cognitive function within a small pilot trial on healthy children. Microorganisms, 12 (7). 1501. ISSN 2076-2607 doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12071501

Abstract/Summary

The relationship between the gut microbiota and cognitive health is complex and bidirectional, being significantly impacted by our diet. Evidence indicates that polyphenols and inulin can impact cognitive function via various mechanisms, one of which is the gut microbiota. In this study, effects of a wild blueberry treatment (WBB) and enriched chicory inulin powder were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Gut microbiota composition and metabolites, including neurotransmitters, were assessed upon faecal microbial fermentation of WBB and inulin in a gut model system. Secondly, microbiota changes and cognitive function were assessed in children within a small pilot (n = 13) trial comparing WBB, inulin, and a maltodextrin placebo, via a series of tests measuring executive function and memory function, with faecal sampling at baseline, 4 weeks post-intervention and after a 4 week washout period. Both WBB and inulin led to microbial changes and increases in levels of short chain fatty acids in vitro. In vivo significant improvements in executive function and memory were observed following inulin and WBB consumption as compared to placebo. Cognitive benefits were accompanied by significant increases in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the inulin group, while in the WBB group, Bacteroidetes significantly increased and Firmicutes significantly decreased (p < 0.05). As such, WBB and inulin both impact the microbiota and may impact cognitive function via different gut-related or other mechanisms. This study highlights the important influence of diet on cognitive function that could, in part, be mediated by the gut microbiota.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/117677
Item Type	Article
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Life Sciences > School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences > Department of Psychology Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Chemical Analysis Facility (CAF) > Mass Spectrometry (CAF) Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Food Microbial Sciences Research Group
Publisher	MDPI
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