Diets, nutrients, genes and the microbiome: recent advances in personalised nutrition

Matusheski, N., Caffrey, A., Christensen, L., Mezgec, S., Surendran, S., Hjorth, M. F., McNulty, H., Pentieva, K., Roager, H. M., Seljak, B. K., Vimaleswaran, K. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8485-8930, Remmers, M. and Szabolcs, P. (2021) Diets, nutrients, genes and the microbiome: recent advances in personalised nutrition. British Journal of Nutrition, 126 (10). pp. 1489-1497. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: 10.1017/S0007114521000374

Abstract/Summary

As individuals seek increasingly individualised nutrition and lifestyle guidance, numerous apps and nutrition programs have emerged. However, complex individual variations in dietary behaviours, genotypes, gene expression and composition of the microbiome are increasingly recognised. Advances in digital tools and artificial intelligence can help individuals more easily track nutrient intakes and identify nutritional gaps. However, the influence of these nutrients on health outcomes can vary widely among individuals depending upon life stage, genetics and microbial composition. For example, folate may elicit favourable epigenetic effects on brain development during a critical developmental time window of pregnancy. Genes affecting vitamin B12 metabolism may lead to cardiometabolic traits that play an essential role in the context of obesity. Finally, an individual’s gut microbial composition can determine their response to dietary fibre interventions during weight loss. These recent advances in understanding can lead to a more complete and integrated approach to promoting optimal health through personalised nutrition, in clinical practise settings and for individuals in their daily lives. The purpose of this review is to summarise presentations made during the DSM Science and Technology Award Symposium at the 13th European Nutrition Conference, which focused on personalised nutrition and novel technologies for health in the modern world.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/96089
Identification Number/DOI	10.1017/S0007114521000374
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
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