Gamma-linolenic and pinolenic acids exert anti-inflammatory effects in cultured human endothelial cells through their elongation products

Baker, E. J., Valenzuela, C. A., van Dooremalen, W. T. M., Martinez-Fernandez, L., Yaqoob, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6716-7599, Miles, E. A. and Calder, P. C. (2020) Gamma-linolenic and pinolenic acids exert anti-inflammatory effects in cultured human endothelial cells through their elongation products. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 64 (20). 2000382. ISSN 1613-4133 doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000382

Abstract/Summary

Scope: Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) from oily fish reduce cardiovascular disease. This may be partly due to modulation of endothelial cell (EC) inflammation. Fish stocks are declining and there is a need for sustainable alternative FAs with cardiovascular benefits. Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and pinolenic acid (PLA) are plant-derived FAs which could fulfil this role. Methods and results: We examined the effects of GLA and PLA on EC inflammation. EA.hy926 cells were exposed GLA and PLA prior to stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. GLA and PLA were incorporated into ECs, resulting in increases in long-chain derivatives produced by elongase 5, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and eicosatrienoic acid (ETA). Both GLA and PLA (50 µM) decreased production of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1), MCP-1 and RANTES. However, decreases in these mediators were not seen after pre-treatment with GLA or PLA in elongase 5 silenced EA.hy926 cells. DGLA and ETA (10 µM) decreased EC production of sICAM-1, MCP-1, RANTES and IL-6. All FAs reduced adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to EA.hy926 cells. Both PLA (50 µM) and ETA (10 µM) decreased NFκBp65 phosphorylation. Conclusion: These effects suggest potential for GLA and PLA and their long-chain derivatives, DGLA and ETA, as sustainable anti-inflammatory alternatives to fish-derived FAs.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/92603
Identification Number/DOI	10.1002/mnfr.202000382
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR) Interdisciplinary Research Centres (IDRCs) > Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH) Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
Publisher	Wiley
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