On defining base units in terms of fundamental constants

Mills, I. (2005) On defining base units in terms of fundamental constants. Molecular Physics, 103 (21-23). pp. 2989-2999. ISSN 1362-3028 doi: 10.1080/00268970500183000

Abstract/Summary

The definitions of the base units of the international system of units have been revised many times since the idea of such an international system was first conceived at the time of the French revolution. The objective today is to define all our units in terms of 'invariants of nature', i.e. by referencing our units to the fundamental constants of physics, or the properties of atoms, rather than the characteristics of our planet or of artefacts. This situation is reviewed, particularly in regard to finding a new definition of the kilogram to replace its present definition in terms of a prototype material artefact.