Electroencephalographic response to sodium nitrite may predict delayed cerebral ischemia after severe subarachnoid hemorrhage

Garry, P. S., Rowland, M. J., Ezra, M., Herigstad, M., Hayen, A., Sleigh, J. W., Westbrook, J., Warnaby, C. E. and Pattinson, K. T. (2016) Electroencephalographic response to sodium nitrite may predict delayed cerebral ischemia after severe subarachnoid hemorrhage. Critical Care Medicine, 44 (11). e1067-e1073. ISSN 1530-0293 doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001950

Abstract/Summary

OBJECTIVES: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage often leads to death and poor clinical outcome. Injury occurring during the first 72 hours is termed "early brain injury," with disruption of the nitric oxide pathway playing an important pathophysiologic role in its development. Quantitative electroencephalographic variables, such as α/δ frequency ratio, are surrogate markers of cerebral ischemia. This study assessed the quantitative electroencephalographic response to a cerebral nitric oxide donor (intravenous sodium nitrite) to explore whether this correlates with the eventual development of delayed cerebral ischemia. DESIGN: Unblinded pilot study testing response to drug intervention. SETTING: Neuroscience ICU, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom. PATIENTS: Fourteen World Federation of Neurosurgeons grades 3, 4, and 5 patients (mean age, 52.8 yr [range, 41-69 yr]; 11 women). INTERVENTIONS: IV sodium nitrite (10 μg/kg/min) for 1 hour. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Continuous electroencephalographic recording for 2 hours. The alpha/delta frequency ratio was measured before and during IV sodium nitrite infusion. Seven of 14 patients developed delayed cerebral ischemia. There was a +30% to +118% (range) increase in the alpha/delta frequency ratio in patients who did not develop delayed cerebral ischemia (p < 0.0001) but an overall decrease in the alpha/delta frequency ratio in those patients who did develop delayed cerebral ischemia (range, +11% to -31%) (p = 0.006, multivariate analysis accounting for major confounds). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of sodium nitrite after severe subarachnoid hemorrhage differentially influences quantitative electroencephalographic variables depending on the patient's susceptibility to development of delayed cerebral ischemia. With further validation in a larger sample size, this response may be developed as a tool for risk stratification after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/66417
Identification Number/DOI	10.1097/CCM.0000000000001950
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Interdisciplinary Research Centres (IDRCs) > Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics (CINN) Life Sciences > School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences > Department of Psychology Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
Publisher	Society of Critical Care Medicine
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