Temperament and self-based correlates of cooperative, competitive and individualistic learning preferences

Gocłowska, M. A., Aldhobaiban, N., Elliot, A., J., Murayama, K., Kobeisy, A. and Abdelaziz, A. (2017) Temperament and self-based correlates of cooperative, competitive and individualistic learning preferences. International Journal of Psychology, 52 (3). pp. 180-188. ISSN 0020-7594 doi: 10.1002/ijop.12206

Abstract/Summary

People vary in the extent to which they prefer cooperative, competitive or individualistic achievement tasks. In the present research, we conducted two studies designed to investigate correlates and possible roots of these social interdependence orientations, namely approach and avoidance temperament, general self-efficacy, implicit theories of intelligence, and contingencies of self-worth based in others’ approval, competition, and academic competence. The results indicated that approach temperament, general self-efficacy, and incremental theory were positively, and entity theory was negatively related to cooperative preferences (|r| range from .11 to .41); approach temperament, general self-efficacy, competition contingencies, and academic competence contingencies were positively related to competitive preferences (|r| range from .16 to .46); and avoidance temperament, entity theory, competitive contingencies, and academic competence contingencies were positively related, and incremental theory was negatively related to individualistic preferences (|r| range from .09 to .15). The findings are discussed with regard to the meaning of each of the three social interdependence orientations, cultural differences among the observed relations, and implications for practicioners.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/43135
Item Type	Article
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Life Sciences > School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences > Department of Psychology Life Sciences > School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences > Social
Publisher	Taylor and Francis
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