Modelling the influence of vitamin D and probiotic supplementation on the microbiome and immune response

Franks, S. J., Dunster, J. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8986-4902, Carding, S. R., Lord, J. M., Hewison, M., Calder, P. C. and King, J. R. (2024) Modelling the influence of vitamin D and probiotic supplementation on the microbiome and immune response. Mathematical Medicine and Biology: A Journal of the IMA. ISSN 1477-8602 doi: 10.1093/imammb/dqae017

Abstract/Summary

The intestinal microbiota play a critical role in human health and disease, maintaining metabolic and immune/inflammatory health, synthesising essential vitamins and amino acids and maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. The aim of this paper is to develop a mathematical model to describe the complex interactions between the microbiota, vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) pathway, epithelial barrier and immune response in order to understand better the effects of supplementation with probiotics and vitamin D. This is motivated by emerging data indicating the beneficial effects of vitamin D and probiotics individually and when combined. We propose a system of ordinary differential equations determining the time evolution of intestinal bacterial populations, concentration of the VDR:1,25(OH)2D complex in epithelial and immune cells, the epithelial barrier and the immune response. The model shows that administration of probiotics and/or vitamin D upregulates the VDR complex, which enhances barrier function and protects against intestinal inflammation. The model also suggests co-supplementation to be superior to individual supplements. We explore the effects of inflammation on the populations of commensal and pathogenic bacteria and the vitamin D/VDR pathway and discuss the value of gathering additional experimental data motivated by the modelling insights.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/118955
Item Type	Article
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR)
Publisher	Oxford University Press (OUP)
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