Relationship between Southern Hemispheric jet variability and forced response: the role of the stratosphere

Breul, P., Ceppi, P. and Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968 (2022) Relationship between Southern Hemispheric jet variability and forced response: the role of the stratosphere. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 3. pp. 645-658. ISSN 2698-4024 doi: 10.5194/wcd-3-645-2022

Abstract/Summary

Climate models show a wide range of Southern Hemispheric jet responses to greenhouse gas forcing. One approach to constrain the future jet response is by utilising the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) which links the forced response to internal variability timescales, with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) the most dominant mode of variability of the Southern Hemispheric jet. We show that interannual stratospheric variability approximately doubles the SAM timescale during austral summer in both re-analysis data and models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phases 5 (CMIP5) and 6 (CMIP6). Using a simple barotropic model, we demonstrate how the enhanced SAM timescale subsequently leads to an overestimate of the forced jet response based on the FDT, and introduce a method to correct for the stratospheric influence. This result helps to resolve a previously identified discrepancy between the seasonality of jet response and the internal variability timescale. However, even after accounting for this influence, the SAM timescale cannot explain inter-model differences in the forced jet shift across CMIP models during austral summer.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/105087
Identification Number/DOI	10.5194/wcd-3-645-2022
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Science > School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences > Department of Meteorology
Publisher	EGU
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