Rapidly expanding lake heatwaves under climate change

Woolway, R. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968, Anderson, E. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5342-8383 and Albergel, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-2702 (2021) Rapidly expanding lake heatwaves under climate change. Environmental Research Letters, 16 (9). 094013. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac1a3a

Abstract/Summary

Lake heatwaves – prolonged periods of hot surface water temperature in lakes – have recently been shown to increase in intensity and duration, with numerous potential implications for aquatic ecosystems. However, an important physical attribute of lake heatwaves that has not yet been investigated is their spatial extent, and how it varies within a warming world. Here, we show that the spatial extent of lake heatwaves, defined as contiguous regions within a lake that simultaneously experience extreme warm conditions, is increasing in the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth, The Laurentian Great Lakes. We show that the maximum spatial extent of lake heatwaves is sensitive to inter-annual variations in winter ice cover and the timing of stratification onset in spring. Notably, we find that a lengthening of the warm summer season and, in turn, an overall increase in surface water temperature, stimulates the development of larger lake heatwaves. On average, our results suggest that the mean spatial extent of lake heatwaves has increased two-fold since 1995. We anticipate this rapid expansion of lake heatwaves to have widespread implications for heat-related impacts on aquatic species.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/99876
Identification Number/DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ac1a3a
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Science > School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences > Department of Meteorology
Publisher	Institute of Physics
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