Toll-like 4 and protease-activated receptor 2 in physiology and pathophysiology of the nervous system: more than just receptor cooperation?

Widera, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-130X, Martinez-Aguilar, R. and Cottrell, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9098-7627 (2019) Toll-like 4 and protease-activated receptor 2 in physiology and pathophysiology of the nervous system: more than just receptor cooperation? Neural Regeneration Research, 14 (7). pp. 1196-1201. ISSN 1876-7958 doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.251290

Abstract/Summary

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) play pivotal roles in the mammalian innate immune response. Notably, in addition to their involvement in detection of invading pathogens, PAR2 and TLR4 modulate the levels of cell death-induced sterile inflammation by activating pro- or anti-inflammatory downstream signalling cascades. Within the central nervous system, there is emerging evidence that both receptors are involved in synaptic transmission and brain plasticity. Furthermore, due to their prominent role in mediating neuroinflammation, PAR2 and TLR4 are associated with development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders including but not limited to Alzheimer`s disease (AD), Parkinson`s disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis. In this article, we summarise the current knowledge on the cooperation between PAR2 and TLR4, discuss the potential cross-talk levels and highlight the impact of the cross-coupling on neuroinflammation.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/81670
Identification Number/DOI	10.4103/1673-5374.251290
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > School of Pharmacy > Division of Pharmacology
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer
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