Bioaccessibility of PBDEs present in indoor dust: a novel dialysis membrane method with a Tenax TA® absorption sink

Kademoglou, K., Williams, A. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3654-7916 and Collins, C. D. (2018) Bioaccessibility of PBDEs present in indoor dust: a novel dialysis membrane method with a Tenax TA® absorption sink. Science of the Total Environment, 621. pp. 1-8. ISSN 0048-9697 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.097

Abstract/Summary

Human uptake of flame retardants (FRs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) via indoor dust ingestion is commonly considered as 100% bioaccessible, leading to potential risk overestimation. Here, we present a novel in vitro colon-extended physiologically-based extraction test (CE-PBET) with Tenax TA® as an absorptive "sink" capable to enhance PBDE gut bioaccessibility. A cellulose-based dialysis membrane (MW cut-off 3.5kDa) with high pH and temperature tolerance was used to encapsulate Tenax TA®, facilitating efficient physical separation between the absorbent and the dust, while minimizing re-absorption of the ingested PBDEs to the dust particles. As a proof of concept, PBDE-spiked indoor dust samples (n=3) were tested under four different conditions; without any Tenax TA® addition (control) and with three different Tenax TA® loadings (i.e. 0.25, 0.5 or 0.75g). Our results show that in order to maintain a constant sorptive gradient for the low MW PBDEs, 0.5g of Tenax TA® are required in CE-PBET. Tenax TA® inclusion (0.5g) resulted in 40% gut bioaccessibility for BDE153 and BDE183, whereas greater bioaccessibility values were seen for less hydrophobic PBDEs such as BDE28 and BDE47 (~60%). When tested using SRM 2585 (n=3), our new Tenax TA® method did not present any statistically significant effect (p>0.05) between non-spiked and PBDE-spiked SRM 2585 treatments. Our study describes an efficient method where due to the sophisticated design, Tenax TA® recovery and subsequent bioaccessibility determination can be simply and reliably achieved.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/74332
Identification Number/DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.097
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Science > School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science > Department of Geography and Environmental Science Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > School of Pharmacy > Pharmaceutics Research Group
Uncontrolled Keywords	Bioaccessibility, Dialysis membrane, Indoor dust, PBDEs, Tenax TA®
Publisher	Elsevier
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