Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration

Edinburgh, T. and Day, J. J. (2016) Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. The Cryosphere, 10 (6). pp. 2721-2730. ISSN 1994-0424 doi: 10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016

Abstract/Summary

In stark contrast to the sharp decline in Arctic sea ice, there has been a steady increase in ice extent around Antarctica during the last three decades, especially in the Weddell and Ross seas. In general, climate models do not to capture this trend and a lack of information about sea ice coverage in the pre-satellite period limits our ability to quantify the sensitivity of sea ice to climate change and robustly validate climate models. However, evidence of the presence and nature of sea ice was often recorded during early Antarctic exploration, though these sources have not previously been explored or exploited until now. We have analysed observations of the summer sea ice edge from the ship logbooks of explorers such as Robert Falcon Scott, Ernest Shackleton and their contemporaries during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration (1897–1917), and in this study we compare these to satellite observations from the period 1989–2014, offering insight into the ice conditions of this period, from direct observations, for the first time. This comparison shows that the summer sea ice edge was between 1.0 and 1.7° further north in the Weddell Sea during this period but that ice conditions were surprisingly comparable to the present day in other sectors.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/68171
Identification Number/DOI	10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Interdisciplinary Research Centres (IDRCs) > Walker Institute Science > School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences > NCAS Science > School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences > Department of Meteorology
Publisher	European Geosciences Union
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• Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Exploration. (deposited 24 Nov 2016 09:20)
  • Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. (deposited 24 Nov 2016 09:26) [Currently Displayed]