Intracellular trafficking, localization, and mobilization of platelet-borne thiol isomerases

Crescente, M., Pluthero, F. G., Li, L., Lo, R. W., Walsh, T. G., Schenk, M. P., Holbrook, L. M., Loureiro, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8886-6893, Ali, M. S., Vaiyapuri, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6006-6517, Falet, H., Jones, I. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7738-2516, Poole, A. W., Kahr, W. H. A. and Gibbins, J. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-5352 (2016) Intracellular trafficking, localization, and mobilization of platelet-borne thiol isomerases. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 36 (6). pp. 1164-1173. ISSN 1079-5642 doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307461

Abstract/Summary

OBJECTIVE: Thiol isomerases facilitate protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, and several of these enzymes, including protein disulfide isomerase and ERp57, are mobilized to the surface of activated platelets, where they influence platelet aggregation, blood coagulation, and thrombus formation. In this study, we examined the synthesis and trafficking of thiol isomerases in megakaryocytes, determined their subcellular localization in platelets, and identified the cellular events responsible for their movement to the platelet surface on activation. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Immunofluorescence microscopy imaging was used to localize protein disulfide isomerase and ERp57 in murine and human megakaryocytes at various developmental stages. Immunofluorescence microscopy and subcellular fractionation analysis were used to localize these proteins in platelets to a compartment distinct from known secretory vesicles that overlaps with an inner cell-surface membrane region defined by the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins calnexin and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3. Immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to monitor thiol isomerase mobilization in activated platelets in the presence and absence of actin polymerization (inhibited by latrunculin) and in the presence or absence of membrane fusion mediated by Munc13-4 (absent in platelets from Unc13dJinx mice). CONCLUSIONS: Platelet-borne thiol isomerases are trafficked independently of secretory granule contents in megakaryocytes and become concentrated in a subcellular compartment near the inner surface of the platelet outer membrane corresponding to the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum of these cells. Thiol isomerases are mobilized to the surface of activated platelets via a process that requires actin polymerization but not soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment receptor/Munc13-4-dependent vesicular-plasma membrane fusion.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/64077
Item Type	Article
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR) Life Sciences > School of Biological Sciences > Biomedical Sciences Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > School of Pharmacy > Division of Pharmacology
Uncontrolled Keywords	platelets, megakaryocytes, thiol isomerases, trafficking, granules, thrombosis, haemostasis
Publisher	Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
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