Interference filters and coatings for mid-infrared astronomy (8-30µm)

Hawkins, G., Hunneman, R., Sherwood, R. E. and Barrett, B. M. (2002) Interference filters and coatings for mid-infrared astronomy (8-30µm). In: AtadEttedgui, E. and Dodorico, S. (eds.) Specialized Optical Developments in Astronomy. Proceedings of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (Spie), 4842. Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering, Bellingham, pp. 43-55. ISBN 0277786X0819446211

Abstract/Summary

The VISIR instrument for the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) is a thermal-infrared imager and spectrometer currently being developed by the French Service d'Astrophysique of CEA Saclay, and Dutch NFRA ASTRON Dwingeloo consortium. This cryogenic instrument will employ precision infrared bandpass filters in the N-( =7.5-14µm) and Q-( =16-28µm) band mid-IR atmospheric windows to study interstellar and circumstellar environments crucial for star and planetary formation theories. As the filters in these mid-IR wavelength ranges are of interest to many astronomical cryogenic instruments, a worldwide astronomical filter consortium was set up with participation from 12 differing institutes, each requiring instrument specific filter operating environments and optical metrology. This paper describes the design and fabrication methods used to manufacture these astronomical consortium filters, including the rationale for the selection of multilayer coating designs, temperature-dependant optical properties of the filter materials and FTIR spectral measurements showing the changes in passband and blocking performance on cooling to <50K. We also describe the development of a 7-14µm broadband antireflection coating deposited on Ge lenses and KRS-5 grisms for cryogenic operation at 40K