Effects of endogenous flour lipids on the quality of semisweet biscuits

Papantoniou, E., Hammond, E.W., Tsiami, A.A., Scriven, F., Gordon, M.H. and Schofield, J.D. (2003) Effects of endogenous flour lipids on the quality of semisweet biscuits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51 (4). pp. 1057-1063. ISSN 0021-8561 doi: 10.1021/jf0258196

Abstract/Summary

Fractionation and reconstitution techniques were used to study the contribution of enclogenous flour lipids to the quality of semisweet (Rich Tea-type) biscuits. Biscuit flour was defatted with chloroform and baked with bakery fat but without enclogenous lipid addition. Semisweet biscuits baked from defatted flour were flatter, denser, and harder and showed collapse of gas cells during baking when compared with control biscuits. Defatted flour semisweet doughs exhibited a different rheological behavior from the control samples showing higher storage and loss moduli (G' and G" values), that is, high viscoelasticity. Functionality was restored when total nonstarch flour lipids were added back to defatted flour. Both the polar and nonpolar lipid fractions had positive effects in restoring flour quality, but the polar lipid fraction was of greatest benefit. Both fractions were needed for complete restoration of both biscuit quality and dough rheological characteristics.