Dietary micronutrient intake during pregnancy is suboptimal in a group of healthy Scottish women, irrespective of maternal Body Mass Index

Jarvie, E. M., Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455, Weech, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1738-877X, Freeman, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-5271 and Meyer, B. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7962-7890 (2025) Dietary micronutrient intake during pregnancy is suboptimal in a group of healthy Scottish women, irrespective of maternal Body Mass Index. Nutrients, 17 (3). 550. ISSN 2072-6643 doi: 10.3390/nu17030550

Abstract/Summary

Background/Objectives: A balanced nutritious diet is vital during pregnancy for both the mother and the baby. The aims of this longitudinal study were to (1) determine any differences in macro- and micronutrient intakes in a group of UK women during pregnancy (and in the post-partum period) who were overweight or obese (BMI mean (SD) 31.1 (2.9)) at antenatal booking appointment compared with women who were within the ideal BMI range (BMI mean (SD) 22.1 (1.9)) and (2) determine the proportion of women who met the Harmonized Average Requirements (H-AR) during pregnancy. Methods: Forty-two participants attended four clinic visits: three during pregnancy, one in each trimester (V1, V2, and V3), and one 12 weeks post-partum (V4). Dietary intake was assessed by 24 h diet recall and analysed using DietPlan6. Results: There were no differences in energy and macronutrient intakes between overweight/obese and lean women. During pregnancy, the overweight/obese women consumed a mean (SD) of 3238 (941) sodium (mg per day), which was approximately 10% higher compared to 2934 (732) sodium (mg per day) in the lean group (p = 0.015). Dietary and supplemental intakes of the sodium to potassium ratio was 21% higher in overweight/obese women compared to the lean women, p = 0.0031 (mean (SD) of 1.17 (0.35) versus 0.93 (0.28), respectively). Virtually all women did not meet the H-AR for niacin, folate, and vitamin D through dietary intake alone. Conclusions: The ‘eat better and not more’ message during pregnancy is supported.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/120891
Item Type	Article
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
Publisher	MDPI AG
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