Using a water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resin to improve the hardness of Norway spruce wood

Gindl, W., Hansmann, C., Gierlinger, N., Schwanninger, M., Hinterstoisser, B. and Jeronimidis, G. (2004) Using a water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resin to improve the hardness of Norway spruce wood. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 93 (4). pp. 1900-1907. ISSN 0021-8995 doi: 10.1002/app.20653

Abstract/Summary

Samples of Norway spruce wood were impregnated with a water-soluble melamine formaldehyde resin by using short-term vacuum treatment and long-term immersion, respectively. By means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV microspectrophotometry, it was shown that only diffusion during long-term immersion leads to sufficient penetration of melamine resin into the wood structure, the flow of liquids in Norway spruce wood during vacuum treatment being greatly hindered by aspirated pits. After an immersion in aqueous melamine resin solution for 3 days, the resin had penetrated to a depth > 4 mm, which, after polymerization of the resin, resulted in an improvement of hardness comparable to the hardwood beech. A finite element model describing the effect of increasing depth of modification on hardness demonstrated that under the test conditions chosen for this study, a minimum impregnation depth of 2 mm is necessary to achieve an optimum increase in hardness. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://reading-clone.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/12022
Item Type	Article
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Science > School of the Built Environment
Uncontrolled Keywords	hardness, diffusion, mechanical properties, melamine-formaldehyde, wood, CELL-WALLS, MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES, ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY, SPECTROSCOPY, IMPREGNATION, PENETRATION
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